Understanding Perceived Stigma, Quality of Life and Self-esteem among Females with Facial Acne

Abstract

Facial acne is a common dermatological condition that can extend beyond physical appearance to influence an individual’s psychological and social well-being. Despite its prevalence, the lived experiences of adults particularly women coping with acne-related stigma remain underexplored. This study aimed to explore how adult females with facial acne perceive stigma, and how this perception impacts their quality of life and self-esteem. A qualitative, phenomenological design was employed. Fifteen adult females aged 20–35 years with varying severities of facial acne were recruited through purposive sampling. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture participants’ personal experiences and emotional responses. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes related to stigma, self-perception, and social interactions. Three major themes emerged: Visible Difference and Social Judgment—participants reported feeling scrutinized and misunderstood in social and professional settings; Emotional Toll and Self-Worth—feelings of embarrassment, frustration, and diminished self-esteem were common, often linked to societal beauty standards; and Coping and Resilience—participants adopted varied strategies, including makeup use, social withdrawal, or seeking medical and psychological support, to manage the emotional burden. The perceived stigma was closely intertwined with reduced quality of life and fluctuating self-esteem. The findings highlight that facial acne in adult females extends beyond a dermatological issue, deeply affecting psychological well-being and social identity. Interventions addressing both dermatological treatment and emotional support are essential to improve overall quality of life. Future research could explore gender differences and the role of social media in shaping acne-related stigma.